Web14 nov. 2011 · Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and NH 4 + account for nearly all the cations present in urine, while chloride, sulphate, phosphate and bicarbonate account for about 80% of the anions present [146]. WebpH —the pH range of urine is between 4.6 and 8.0, with an average value of 6.0. Diet has the greatest influence on urine pH. A vegetarian diet will result in a more alkaline urine, whereas a high-protein diet will result in a more acidic urine. Constituents —urine is approximately 95% water, which is the solvent for waste products and salts.
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Web16 mrt. 2024 · Urine pH is a useful screening tool for diagnosing metabolic disorders, renal disease, and respiratory disease. Normal Range. Urinary pH 4.6-8.0 Average pH 6.0. Variations from Normal. Urine pH that exceeds the upper limit of the normal range may be indicative of UTIs, chronic renal failure, and respiratory disease with hyperventilation. WebNormal Electrolytes (sodium ions, chloride, sulfates and phosphates) Normal Pigments (yellow substance) normal Glucose abnormal albumin abnormal blood abnormal ketones abnormal white blood cells abnormal cast (solid materials molded within kidney tubules) abnormal Students also viewed Urinalysis 20 terms cavila6 cygwin ustc
17.1 Physical Characteristics of Urine – Fundamentals of …
Web21 jun. 2024 · Chemical examination/urine dipstick. In most individuals, urine pH is usually lower, representing a slightly acidic environment. This results from the obligate renal H+ ion excretion, due to the normal daily average endogenous acid production of 1 mEq/kg required to maintain acid-base balance in the body. [] Therefore, any abnormalities in the … Web27 okt. 2024 · Definition. The urinary system produces, stores, and excretes urine via a filtration mechanism in which potentially harmful molecules are removed from the body. It also plays a crucial role in water homeostasis, electrolyte and acid-base balance, and red blood cell production.The human urinary tract is comprised of two kidneys, two ureters, … Web29 apr. 2024 · Sample: Human urine sample Chemicals: Benedict’s reagent: Add 17.3 gm of copper sulphate with 100 gm of sodium carbonate and 173 gm of sodium citrate. Then add distilled water to make the total … cygwin vi editor commands